QdrantVectorStore 集成

使用 LangChain JavaScript 集成 QdrantVectorStore。

Compatibility: Only available on Node.js.

Qdrant is a vector similarity search engine. It provides a production-ready service with a convenient API to store, search, and manage points - vectors with an additional payload.

This guide provides a quick overview for getting started with Qdrant vector stores. For detailed documentation of all QdrantVectorStore features and configurations head to the API reference.

概述

集成详情

Class	Package	PY support	Version
QdrantVectorStore	@langchain/qdrant	✅

设置

To use Qdrant vector stores, you’ll need to set up a Qdrant instance and install the @langchain/qdrant integration package.

This guide will also use OpenAI embeddings, which require you to install the @langchain/openai integration package. You can also use other supported embeddings models if you wish.

npm

npm install @langchain/qdrant @langchain/core @langchain/openai

After installing the required dependencies, run a Qdrant instance with Docker on your computer by following the Qdrant setup instructions. Note the URL your container runs on.

凭证

Once you’ve done this set a QDRANT_URL environment variable:

// e.g. http://localhost:6333
process.env.QDRANT_URL = "your-qdrant-url"

If you are using OpenAI embeddings for this guide, you’ll need to set your OpenAI key as well:

process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY = "YOUR_API_KEY";

如果你想要自动追踪模型调用，还可以设置你的 LangSmith API 密钥，取消注释以下内容：

// process.env.LANGSMITH_TRACING="true"
// process.env.LANGSMITH_API_KEY="your-api-key"

实例化

import { QdrantVectorStore } from "@langchain/qdrant";
import { OpenAIEmbeddings } from "@langchain/openai";

const embeddings = new OpenAIEmbeddings({
  model: "text-embedding-3-small",
});

const vectorStore = await QdrantVectorStore.fromExistingCollection(embeddings, {
  url: process.env.QDRANT_URL,
  collectionName: "langchainjs-testing",
});

Manage vector store

Add items to vector store

import type { Document } from "@langchain/core/documents";

const document1: Document = {
  pageContent: "The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondria",
  metadata: { source: "https://example.com" }
};

const document2: Document = {
  pageContent: "Buildings are made out of brick",
  metadata: { source: "https://example.com" }
};

const document3: Document = {
  pageContent: "Mitochondria are made out of lipids",
  metadata: { source: "https://example.com" }
};

const document4: Document = {
  pageContent: "The 2024 Olympics are in Paris",
  metadata: { source: "https://example.com" }
}

const documents = [document1, document2, document3, document4];

await vectorStore.addDocuments(documents);

Top-level document ids and deletion are currently not supported.

Query vector store

Once your vector store has been created and the relevant documents have been added you will most likely wish to query it during the running of your chain or agent.

Query directly

Performing a simple similarity search can be done as follows:

const filter = {
  "must": [
      { "key": "metadata.source", "match": { "value": "https://example.com" } },
  ]
};

const similaritySearchResults = await vectorStore.similaritySearch("biology", 2, filter);

for (const doc of similaritySearchResults) {
  console.log(`* ${doc.pageContent} [${JSON.stringify(doc.metadata, null)}]`);
}

* The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondria [{"source":"https://example.com"}]
* Mitochondria are made out of lipids [{"source":"https://example.com"}]

See this page for more on Qdrant filter syntax. Note that all values must be prefixed with metadata.

If you want to execute a similarity search and receive the corresponding scores you can run:

const similaritySearchWithScoreResults = await vectorStore.similaritySearchWithScore("biology", 2, filter)

for (const [doc, score] of similaritySearchWithScoreResults) {
  console.log(`* [SIM=${score.toFixed(3)}] ${doc.pageContent} [${JSON.stringify(doc.metadata)}]`);
}

* [SIM=0.165] The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondria [{"source":"https://example.com"}]
* [SIM=0.148] Mitochondria are made out of lipids [{"source":"https://example.com"}]

Query by turning into retriever

You can also transform the vector store into a retriever for easier usage in your chains.

const retriever = vectorStore.asRetriever({
  // Optional filter
  filter: filter,
  k: 2,
});
await retriever.invoke("biology");

[
  Document {
    pageContent: 'The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondria',
    metadata: { source: 'https://example.com' },
    id: undefined
  },
  Document {
    pageContent: 'Mitochondria are made out of lipids',
    metadata: { source: 'https://example.com' },
    id: undefined
  }
]

Usage for retrieval-augmented generation

For guides on how to use this vector store for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), see the following sections:

• Build a RAG app with LangChain.
• Agentic RAG
• Retrieval docs

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API 参考

有关所有 QdrantVectorStore 功能和配置的详细文档，请前往 API 参考。

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